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U.N. delegates walk out before Netanyahu speech

admin - Latest News - September 26, 2025
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A number of United Nations delegates were seen walking out of the chamber as Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu arrived to address the U.N. General Assembly.



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September 27, 2025
Sept. 27, 2025, 9:29 AM EDTBy Freddie ClaytonThe giants of the Amazon are getting even bigger. A sweeping new study has found the rainforest’s largest trees are not only holding their ground, they’re thriving — growing, multiplying in number and continue to play a major role in mitigating the impacts of climate change.There was a 3.3% expansion in big trees per decade, scientists found, after tracking changes in 188 intact forest plots across the Amazon over the past 30 years.Led by almost 100 researchers from 60 universities in Brazil, the U.K. and elsewhere, the findings were published on Thursday in the journal “Nature Plants.”The authors attributed the growth to the rising amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from the burning of gas, oil and coal.The paper was welcomed as evidence of forest resilience in the face of climate change, but scientists warned these big trees remain vulnerable as droughts, lightning and fires are increasing in frequency, while deforestation continues to pose a serious threat.There was an understanding that big trees were “expected to be vulnerable to climate change,” Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert, one of the study’s lead authors told NBC News in a telephone interview Saturday. “What we see here is actually they seem to be showing quite a resilience.”“We’re not seeing signs of them dying off,” Esquivel-Muelbert, who co-authored the study while at Britain’s University of Birmingham, but who has since moved on to the nearby University of Cambridge. “They are increasing in size and number as well.”Scientists stressed that while protecting intact forest areas was essential to stabilizing the climate, the Amazon cannot on its own offset the vast amount of carbon dioxide produced worldwide by cars, factories and power stations — and it remains under threat.The rainforest is a carbon sink, meaning it stores more carbon than it produces. Pushing the rainforest past its limit could accelerate climate change and have terrible consequences for local communities, including Indigenous groups who depend on it. Esquivel-Muelbert stressed it was difficult to predict how worsening climate change would have an impact in the future, and hesitated to say that increased CO2 benefitted the forest, warning it may cause bigger trees to become more exposed to other factors like drought.”We don’t know the consequences in the long run,” she said. Other factors, including deforestation, remain a colossal risk to the health of the Amazon. Fattening trees is, in some ways, a “positive news story,” said Rebecca Banbury Morgan, a lead author of the study from the University of Bristol. But it also means that the forest is now “more vulnerable to losing those trees.” “Although we have shown that trees in intact forest are still increasing in size, any benefits of this in terms of the carbon sink can be quite easily negated by deforestation and logging impacts, so preserving these intact forests is really a priority,” she told NBC News. Wildfires, deforestation and global warming could permanently destroy the water cycle that sustains parts of the Amazon rainforest if action is not taken in the coming decades, according to a separate study published last year in Nature.The study suggested that 10% to 47% of the landscape is at risk of transitioning away from rainforest by 2050 if warming and rates of deforestation aren’t dramatically curbed.Brazil’s Congress approved a bill in 2023 to relax environmental licensing to pave a highway cutting through the heart of the Amazon, and close to one of the last regions that still has large areas of pristine forestLosing a large portion of the Amazon could turn a key carbon sink into a source of emissions, as wildfires burn and plants and animals decompose, no longer able to survive. Freddie ClaytonFreddie Clayton is a freelance journalist based in London. 
October 8, 2025
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September 28, 2025
Sept. 28, 2025, 5:00 AM EDTBy Berkeley Lovelace Jr.Last winter, Brian Noonan read online that some doctors were prescribing an obscure drug, typically given to cancer patients, for autism. Curious, he looked into it for his son Benjamin, who had just been diagnosed with autism in October.“We jumped on it,” Noonan said. “It felt right and it made sense.”The medication was leucovorin, also called folinic acid. It’s a synthetic form of vitamin B9 or folate, which the body needs to make healthy blood cells. During pregnancy, folate is important to reduce the risk of birth defects.Last Monday, the drug was thrust into the national spotlight by President Donald Trump in a rambling press conference about autism that mainly focused on the president and Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy’s claim that taking acetaminophen during pregnancy could cause autism. Trump briefly mentioned that an “existing drug” — referring to leucovorin — may help with certain symptoms of autism. For those in the autism community, leucovorin is not new. Dr. Richard Frye, a behavioral child neurologist in Phoenix has studied leucovorin and autism for two decades. He made clear that it is not a cure for autism and that more research is needed. He does, however, prescribe it to some people with autism.Noonan’s son Benjamin, who is 4 years old, is one of Frye’s patients. “He’s higher functioning,” Noonan said. “He’s verbal, but he really struggled to put together sentences.” Since starting on the medicine, the family believes Benjamin’s speech has improved, though he still has difficulties with hyperactivity and impulsiveness.Still, Noonan added, he’s under no impression that the drug is a miracle pill. Benjamin also attends a behavioral program preparing him for kindergarten, Noonan said, and he plans to enroll him in speech and occupational therapy. “We very, very much understand we’re still taking an experimental medication,” he said. The Noonan family. Benjamin, 4, who has autism, has used leucovorin.Courtesy of Brian NoonanOther families say the drug conferred larger benefits.Ben Blomgren, of Minneapolis, said his 11-year-old son, Josh, had been prescribed leucovorin off-label in February after he was at risk of being kicked out of school, even as they tried behavioral modification methods.“He’s pretty severe,” Blomgren said. “He didn’t have any language skills. He was not toilet trained.” After starting the medication, Blomgren said Josh’s sleep improved, he’s fully toilet trained and he’s stopped running away from them. “It wasn’t overnight, but we saw major improvement,” he said. Yomarie Miranda, of Florida, said she saw improvements in her 7-year-old son Ethan after he started the medication, including following instructions in class.Ethan was prescribed the medication off label earlier this month, she said.“He’s now looking at me when I speak with him. He’s talking more than before with complete sentences,” she said.A highly unusual moveThe Food and Drug Administration first approved leucovorin in the 1980s to help reduce the toxic side effects of certain chemotherapy drugs.In the decades since, researchers have also studied whether it might treat cerebral folate deficiency (CFD), a neurological condition that makes it harder for folate to reach the brain. Some children with autism also have cerebral folate deficiency, which neurologists say can affect speech, mood and behavior. Last Monday, the FDA said it planned to update the drug’s label to include that use.But the agency’s decision, experts say, rests on just a handful of small studies. And despite Trump’s endorsement, the maker of the brand-name version, GSK, has yet to submit an application to the agency to change the label. In a statement, GSK said it will be submitting the request to expand the approval to include cerebral folate deficiency, though the statement does not mention autism. (Because leucovorin is already an FDA-approved drug, doctors have been able to prescribe it “off label” for other uses, though insurance may not cover it.) It’s a highly unusual move for the FDA: pushing a drug for chemotherapy side effects as a therapy for autism without a formal submission and limited evidence.“It’s incredibly irresponsible,” said Dr. Aaron Kesselheim, a professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School. “For 60-plus years, we’ve counted on the FDA to help patients distinguish between products that work and products that don’t work. And here we saw the FDA making an announcement relying on a summary of unclear data and announcing that they had already decided to approve it.”Alycia Halladay, chief science officer at the nonprofit Autism Science Foundation, was frustrated by the implication that this is a breakthrough in autism research.“It’s not like scientists have just been staring at their belly buttons for 20 years, not looking at autism treatments,” Halladay said in an interview earlier this week. “They have, but the standards have been very high to get [treatments] approved.”Andrew Nixon, a spokesperson for the Department of Health and Human Services, which oversees the FDA, said in a statement: “Analysis across 23 publications from 2009-2024 demonstrated the effectiveness for CFD. Overall, 85% of patients experienced some type of clinical benefit including improved speech/communication capabilities.” Nixon’s statement did not mention autism, and he did not respond to follow-up questions.David Mandell, a psychiatry professor at the University of Pennsylvania, said HHS’ claim that 85% of patients experienced a benefit is a “quite a conceptual leap” because it assumes people with cerebral folate deficiency also have autism.Cerebral folate deficiency “is an extremely rare event, and it is accompanied by symptoms of epilepsy, really severe neurodevelopmental problems and some of those symptoms can look like autism, but it’s not,” he said.“I could not think of a single FDA approval that has such weak evidence in the past 20 years,” Mandell added.Frye, the Phoenix neurologist, estimates up to three-quarters of autistic children have antibodies linked to cerebral folate deficiency, based on his research. Other estimates are much lower: Alycia Halladay, chief science officer at the nonprofit Autism Science Foundation, put the rates at roughly 10% to 30%.The studies on leucovorin are small but look interesting, said Dr. Scott Gottlieb, a former FDA commissioner.“It certainly merits follow up,” Gottlieb said.One of the studies was conducted by Frye: a placebo-controlled trial of more than 40 children with the antibodies, published in Molecular Psychiatry in 2018. It found around two-thirds of kids who got the drug saw improvements in verbal communication after 12 weeks. Others saw no changes. The children all had language impairments, as well as a common type of autism that’s not linked to other neurological diseases.Mandell, however, said the results shouldn’t be taken as evidence.“They claim that in certain subgroups of kids in their already small sample, they find these very large effects,” he said, adding that larger-scale trials that establish clear outcomes ahead of time are needed to verify the results. Kesselheim said it’s important for patients to have access to medications that could have a benefit, especially when there is an unmet medical need. But, he said, there are still a number of unanswered questions.“There is no accurate testing for this,” he said. “What are low folate levels? What are normal folate levels? All of that stuff should be worked out.”Frye said he currently uses two methods to assess whether a child has a folate deficiency: a spinal tap — also known as a lumbar puncture — which involves inserting a needle into the lower back to collect fluid from the spinal cord, and a folate receptor antibody test originally developed for pregnant women that isn’t approved by the FDA for diagnosing folate deficiency in children. Edward Quadros, a research professor at SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University who has worked with Frye studying leucovorin for autism, said parents are already trying the drug, including supplement versions, which aren’t regulated and can be dangerous.“By making the FDA approve it, and reputable pharmaceutical companies manufacturing it and selling it, at least it gives you quality dosing,” Quadros said.Berkeley Lovelace Jr.Berkeley Lovelace Jr. is a health and medical reporter for NBC News. He covers the Food and Drug Administration, with a special focus on Covid vaccines, prescription drug pricing and health care. He previously covered the biotech and pharmaceutical industry with CNBC.Aria Bendix contributed.
September 22, 2025
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