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Oct. 22, 2025, 2:08 PM EDTBy Elizabeth CohenWhen a radiologist reviewed Deirdre Hall’s mammogram images last summer, everything seemed fine. There were no shadows or lumps or irregular patches that could signal cancer.The doctor gave it a second look for one reason: artificial intelligence software had drawn a circle around an area in the upper part of her left breast that it found suspicious.Because the AI software had put up that red flag, Hall, 55, got an order for an ultrasound that led to a biopsy. There were four cancerous tumors in the spot AI had identified.“This would have been completely missed without the AI,” said Dr. Sean Raj, chief medical officer and chief innovation officer at SimonMed Imaging in Tempe, Arizona, where Hall had her mammogram.Not only was Hall’s breast tissue dense, but the layers of tissue crisscrossed over each other in a particularly complicated pattern.“It camouflaged the cancer,” said Raj, a breast imaging specialist. “Even I could have missed it.”They caught her cancer at Stage 1, said Hall, who’s a respiratory therapist at a local hospital.“They didn’t find anything in the lymph nodes, which they were grateful for,” she said. “I’m so glad they caught it early.” “I’m glad it was found,” Deirdre Hall said about the software program that detected suspicious images on her mammogram.Courtesy Deirdre HallWhen reading women’s routine mammograms, radiologists are increasingly augmenting their eyes with artificial intelligence. While many major medical centers have adopted the technology enthusiastically, some experts point to concerns, including a lack of studies in the U.S. showing that AI actually saves lives and does not needlessly raise concerns about benign growths. Experts train AI software by feeding it hundreds of thousands, or sometimes millions of mammogram images. Some of the images contain cancerous tumors, and, over time, the AI learns to distinguish the often subtle differences between malignant and benign tissue. Some AI programs, like the one used on Hall, identify a suspicious area. Others predict the chance that a woman will develop breast cancer. At the University of California, San Francisco, researchers are using AI to try to speed up the time from a mammogram to cancer diagnosis. In a study released this week, the radiologists used the technology to flag suspicious-looking mammograms so those patients could be seen more quickly. For patients with breast cancer, that AI triage cut the average time from mammogram to biopsy by 87%, from 73 days to nine days. The study was posted Tuesday to the preprint server MedRxiv. (Studies posted to preprint servers have not been peer-reviewed.) AI software used by SimonMed Imaging, where Hall had her mammogram, marked an area suspicious for cancer.Courtesy Deirdre HallHowever, Dr. Sonja Hughes, vice president of community health at Susan G. Komen, a breast cancer organization, said more research is needed before AI is used as the standard of care. “We’re not there yet,” she said. “We don’t have enough research or enough data.”Dense breasts: Finding a snowball in a blizzardMammograms have saved countless lives, but they’re imperfect. Dense breast tissue, which is a risk factor for developing cancer, makes mammograms harder to interpret. About 40% of U.S. women have dense breasts, according to the American Cancer Society. “It’s like trying to find a snowball in a blizzard,” said Dr. Otis Brawley, a professor of oncology and epidemiology at Johns Hopkins University.The Food and Drug Administration has authorized many AI programs for mammograms, with varying rates of accuracy. The AI software used on Hall’s mammogram, called Lunit, accurately identified cancers 88.6% of the time, according to a 2024 JAMA Oncology study of more than 8,800 women in Sweden who got mammograms. Another study published in Radiology noted that AI software caught cancers that were missed by two radiologists. However, in the Sweden study, AI gave a false positive 7% of the time, saying there might be a tumor when there wasn’t one. A false positive can trigger more testing and anxiety while waiting for results. With any mammogram, the chance of having a false positive result is about 10%, according to research.A doctor interprets the screening’s resultsMajor academic medical centers using AI in their imaging centers include the MD Anderson Cancer Center, the Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City, the Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, the Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, and MedStar Health.In all centers, the software is used along with, not instead of, a radiologist’s eyes, as FDA regulations require a doctor to interpret mammograms. Some breast imaging experts see advantages to this human-machine combination.“The nice thing about AI is that it doesn’t get tired,” said Dr. Lisa Abramson, associate professor of radiology at Mount Sinai. “It’s not going to replace the job or the expertise of radiologists, but I think it’s only going to enhance our ability to detect more and more breast cancers.”Brawley, the Johns Hopkins professor, said AI could help women who don’t have access to radiologists who specialize in breast imaging, and instead have their mammograms read by general radiologists.A study using RadNet’s software found that without AI, specialists correctly identified breast cancers 89% of the time, compared with 84% for generalists. With AI, the accuracy for both groups rose to about 93%.“It’s incredibly subjective when a human reads a mammogram,” Brawley said. “Maybe it’s going to reduce the disparities in how these things are read.”Does AI cost more? Typically, academic medical centers don’t charge patients extra for the use of AI software, and they can’t charge insurance companies for it, since there’s no billing code specifically for the AI, according to Susan G. Komen, a nonprofit breast cancer organization. SimonMed, which has centers in 11 states, and RadNet, which has centers in eight states, don’t charge for an initial layer of AI on mammograms, although patients are charged $40 and $50 respectively if they opt to have their images run through a second set of the technology.Drawbacks of AIBrawley worries that AI might be too good at its job.According to the American Cancer Society, it’s possible that mammograms flag some tumors that are technically cancerous, but not life-threatening. The patient then undergoes the physical, emotional, and financial toll of treating a tumor that was never going to hurt her.“It’scancer, but it’s not genetically programmed to grow, spread, or kill,” Brawley said. “I am worried that AI may help us find even more of these tumors that don’t need to be found.”Brawley pointed to the lack of data in the U.S. that shows AI actually saves women’s lives.Last month, researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles and University of California, Davis, announced a $16 million, two-year study at seven medical centers to take a deeper look at the technology.There are several other concerns about using AI in mammography. The technology isn’t perfect, and some worry that doctors could make mistakes if they become too dependent on it, according to an article last year in RadioGraphics. That’s why radiologists emphasize that AI is a tool, not a solution in itself. “It’s not going to replace the job or the expertise of radiologists,” said Abramson, the breast radiologist at Mount Sinai. “I think it’s only going to enhance our ability to detect more and more breast cancer.” Another concern is that if AI is trained mainly on breast images of white women, it could be less accurate for women of color, since genetic differences can make tumors look different.Hall, the Arizona patient, said she’s not necessarily a fan of AI in general — she says she finds the technology “creepy” — but she’s glad she paid $50 for the extra AI on her mammogram. “I don’t love all this AI stuff, but I definitely love this for me or anyone else in my position,” she said. “No matter how it was found, I’m glad it was found.” Guidance for mammogramsGuidance from the United Services Preventive Services Task Force recommends women to get a mammogram every other year starting at age 40. According to American Cancer Society guidelines:Women 45 to 54 should get mammograms every year.Women 55 and older can switch to a mammogram every other year, or they can choose to continue yearly mammograms.Dr. Shanthi Sivendran, senior vice president at the American Cancer Society, offers guidance for more accurate breast cancer screening. Try to go to the same place every year so radiologists can compare your images over time.Ask if a center uses radiologists who’ve completed a fellowship in breast imaging. In some rural or underserved areas, it may be harder to find these specialists, and so women should seek out radiologists who primarily read breast images. Try to find a center that can either provide or direct you to follow-up care, such as additional imaging, in case your mammogram finds something suspicious. According to FDA regulations, your mammogram report should state if you have dense breasts. If you do, ask your doctor about whether you might need additional imaging tests. Elizabeth CohenElizabeth Cohen is a Peabody Award-winning journalist and a health contributor to NBC News. She is the author of the book “The Empowered Patient.”

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Oct. 22, 2025, 10:11 PM EDTBy Rich Schapiro and Morgan CheskyThe first video “Richard LA” posted to TikTok appeared on Aug. 21, 2024. “Accident at 27th and San Pedro,” he wrote in Spanish under video clips showing two damaged cars and paramedics pushing a man on a gurney into an ambulance. “2 people were taken to the hospital.”“Richard LA” was actually Carlitos Ricardo Parias, 44, a father of two living in southern Los Angeles. His TikTok feed soon filled with similar clips. A fire at a home on 36th and Trinity streets. A car crash on 29th Street and Maple Avenue. His audience grew steadily over the ensuing months. And his clips were consumed even more widely when he began to focus his camera on the Immigration and Customs Enforcement raids roiling Los Angeles. Multiple videos he posted this month got more than 50,000 views. “He has risen to become this very credible, respected and admired citizen journalist,” said Angelina Dumarot, a spokesperson for Los Angeles City Council member Curren Price. “He did it with a lot of love and a lot of passion and in a very courageous way.”But there was something many didn’t know: Parias was an undocumented immigrant himself, according to federal authorities. And on Tuesday, he was targeted by federal agents trying to arrest him in an immigration proceeding, leading to a chaotic confrontation in downtown Los Angeles.”Parias was the subject of an administrative immigration arrest warrant and had avoided capture before,” prosecutors said.After having watched Parias walk out of his home and drive off around 8:45 a.m., agents boxed in his Toyota Camry, federal prosecutors say. The agents left their vehicles and ordered Parias out of his car. But he instead drove forward and backward, striking two of the law enforcement vehicles, according to prosecutors.When an agent tried to break the Camry’s driver’s side window, prosecutors said, Parias drove “more aggressively.” Plumes of smoke began to billow from the vehicles, apparently because of the spinning tires, prosecutors said. With the agents fearing Parias could hit them with his Camry or dislodge it from between their vehicles, one opened fire, prosecutors said. Parias was struck in the elbow, and a deputy marshal was hit in the hand, according to prosecutors. A witness who arrived as the agents were wrestling Parias out of his car said it felt like a “little war zone.”“The man was clearly in a lot of pain,” said the witness, who spoke on the condition of anonymity.Parias, who is charged with assault on a federal officer, was still in the hospital Wednesday, postponing his first court hearing. Immigration attorney Carlos Jurado speaks to the media in front of Dignity Health California Hospital Medical Center in Los Angeles on Sunday.Keith Birmingham / MediaNews Group/Pasadena Star-News via Getty ImagesHis immigration attorney, Carlos Jurado, told NBC News that he tried to speak to his client Tuesday night but was barred from doing so. Jurado said they had a brief conversation by phone Wednesday morning.“He was confused as to his medical condition, as to the severity of his injuries, and he was confused as to what was going on,” Jurado said.A spokesperson for the U.S. attorney’s office in Los Angeles said she wasn’t privy to Parias’ medical condition and doesn’t know when his first appearance will be.An ICE spokesperson didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment. Parias was an unlikely social media star. A native of Puebla, Mexico, he was working in construction before he embarked on a path as a citizen journalist. “His car was full of tools,” said Jose Ugarte, a deputy chief of staff to Price, the City Council member. “He said it was kind of tough these days to find work.”So he turned to recording videos of the goings-on in his neighborhood and posting them to social media. He often went live at crime or accident scenes, calmly narrating the events playing out in front of him.Unlike some citizen journalists, Parias would steer clear of interfering with law enforcement or engaging in confrontations of any kind, according to Ugarte and others familiar with his work. Parias started becoming well-known in the tight-knit, heavily Latino district where he lived. But not all of his good deeds were broadcast on social media. A neighbor said Parias’ once tracked down her husband to alert him that their car window was left down.“He didn’t have to do that,” said the neighbor, who spoke on the condition of anonymity over fears of being targeted by federal agents. “He’s just a very good person,” she added.In August, Price’s office presented Parias with a certificate of recognition in honor of his “unwavering commitment to keeping the South LA community informed, empowered and protected.”Ugarte said Parias shed tears when he was presented with the certificate at a neighborhood park, with his teenage son looking on. News of his shooting and arrest shocked and saddened many who had come to rely on his reports, according to the staffers in Price’s office.“The whole community is shaken up,” Dumarot said. “This feels very targeted, and not for the right reasons.”Ugarte said it wasn’t uncommon for Parias to reach out about incidents in the neighborhood. Their last exchange, Ugarte said, came Sept. 26, when Parias sent him an urgent message.“Jose, there is a fire on 55th and Avalon,” it read. “Please send the fire department as soon as possible.”Ugarte said he called the fire department and was told it was on its way. When he checked TikTok, he saw that Parias had gotten there first and was already recording. Rich Schapiro Rich Schapiro is a reporter with the NBC News national security unit.Morgan CheskyMorgan Chesky is a correspondent for NBC News.

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Oct. 2, 2025, 5:00 AM EDTBy Aria BendixBecause Wednesday marked the start of the 2026 fiscal year, the WIC program — which provides free, healthy food to low-income pregnant women, new moms and children under 5 — was due for an influx of funding.Instead came the government shutdown. If it persists, access to the federal program, known in full as the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children, could be jeopardized. A USDA letter to WIC state agency directors on Wednesday confirmed that states would not receive their next quarterly allocation of funds during the shutdown.According to the National WIC Association, a nonprofit advocacy organization that represents state and local WIC agencies, “devastating disruptions” may deny millions of moms and children access to nutritious foods if the government remains closed for longer than a week or two. Given that Social Security checks will still go out, national parks remain partially open and most Medicaid and Medicare services are continuing, a lapse in WIC funding could be among the first widespread, tangible effects of the shutdown for nonfederal workers.WIC — a program within the U.S. Department of Agriculture — served roughly 6.8 million people as of April 2022, the most recent data available. It receives funding from Congress, which the USDA then allocates to states on a quarterly basis. From there, states distribute it to WIC clinics, of which there are roughly 10,000 nationwide. The clinics distribute preloaded cards that members use to purchase program-approved healthy foods at participating grocery stores. New moms can also purchase infant formula and receive lactation counseling. Barbie Anderson, a mother of three who is pregnant, said she has relied on WIC to purchase healthy food since her oldest child was born nine years ago. Her family lives paycheck to paycheck in Milaca, Minnesota, she added, and the program helps them afford fruits, vegetables, eggs, milk, peanut butter and yogurt. She has also used it for breastfeeding support, she said.Under normal circumstances, Anderson said, her WIC card would be reloaded on Oct. 15. She’s unsure if that will happen now. “All the food that we get from WIC goes to our kids. So you’re really harming the kids” if services pause, she said.During the shutdown, states will have to rely on up to $150 million in contingency funds from the USDA to continue offering services, along with a small amount of rollover funding from the previous fiscal year in some cases, according to the National WIC Association. The group warned that the funding could dry up in a week or two if the shutdown persists, depending on how states allocate it. Office of Management and Budget Director Russell Vought told House Republicans during a conference call Wednesday that WIC is set to run out of money by next week if the government doesn’t reopen, according to two GOP sources on the call.“Historically, when there has been a shutdown, WIC has remained open for business, but because this one falls at the start of the fiscal year, there are some risks,” said Georgia Machell, president of the National WIC Association. She called on Congress to pass a funding bill that protects the program and keeps it running without interruption. A USDA spokesperson told NBC News that WIC’s continued operation will depend on “state choice and the length of a shutdown.” “If Democrats do not fund the government, the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) will run out of funding and States will have to make a choice,” the spokesperson wrote in a statement.However, some House Democrats say the federal government has the power to keep WIC afloat — if the USDA commits to replenishing state funds used during the shutdown after it ends. In a letter to Agriculture Secretary Brooke Rollins, Reps. Bobby Scott, D-Va., and Suzanne Bonamici, D-Ore., called on the USDA to do that.Without her WIC card, Anderson said, she may have to stop buying oranges for her children, which she feeds them to boost their immune systems.“My concern is, health wise, my kids’ immunity is going to go down,” Anderson said, adding that if they get sick, she’d also worry about affording doctor’s bills.Anderson’s family lives in a rural area where options for affordable food are limited. Her WIC benefits allow her to shop at the nearest grocery store, which would otherwise be outside her budget, she said: A gallon of milk there costs roughly $5. “We could go buy chips all day long for 99 cents, if we wanted to, at a run-down grocery store. But what’s that nutrition for our kids? That’s nothing,” she said.The closest Walmart, where prices are lower, is about 45 minutes away, but the price of gas makes regular shopping there expensive, too, she said.Anderson said she isn’t eligible for other food assistance programs like the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, also known as food stamps. That program is expected to continue during the shutdown. (WIC generally has a higher income limit than SNAP.)The ability of WIC clinics to keep functioning will likely vary by state. Brandon Meline, director of maternal and child health at the Champaign-Urbana Public Health District, said he was told that Illinois clinics have sufficient money to last through the month. But Meline worries about the program being used as a bargaining chip in shutdown politics. “This is the first time that WIC has ever been sort of dragged into political fray nationally. We hear discussions about SNAP and cash assistance, but WIC has sort of been politically untouchable up until now,” he said.Aria BendixAria Bendix is the breaking health reporter for NBC News Digital.Melanie Zanona and Julie Tsirkin contributed.

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