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Former Vice President Dick Cheney dies at 84

admin - Latest News - November 4, 2025
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Former Vice President Dick Cheney died of complications from pneumonia and cardio and vascular disease, his family said in a statement Tuesday.



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Nov. 4, 2025, 5:00 AM ESTBy Janis Mackey Frayer, Stella Kim, Adam Reiss and Jennifer JettGEOJE, South Korea — On an island off its southern coast, South Korea is doing the kind of shipbuilding that President Donald Trump envisions for the United States. The Hanwha Ocean shipyard, which covers an area the size of 900 football fields on the island of Geoje, churns out both commercial and military ships at a far faster rate than yards in the U.S., aided by the world’s largest dry dock and crane. During a recent visit by NBC News, it was a hive of clanging and banging as different components were assembled and then lifted into place. Sirens and bursts of music alerted the 30,000 workers when something heavy was being moved among the ships, some of them as long as the Empire State Building is high.Among them was the USNS Charles Drew, a 14,000-ton cargo ship in the U.S. Navy’s Seventh Fleet that is on site for maintenance.“It’s a lot more cost-effective for us to stay in the area,” said Danny Beeler, principal port engineer for the ship.“We’re not sailing all the way back to the United States,” which would cost millions of dollars in fuel alone, Beeler said. “And we can get a lot of work done here, too.”
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October 4, 2025
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Nov. 27, 2025, 6:00 AM ESTBy Akshay Syal, M.D.For decades, doctors have been puzzled by why women develop Alzheimer’s disease at nearly twice the rate of men. There are an estimated 7 million people in the U.S. living with Alzheimer’s, with that number expected to reach nearly 13 million by 2050. A majority of cases, or about 2 out of every 3, are in women. An emerging body of research is suggesting that estrogen, the predominant female sex hormone, may play a critical role, specifically in the perimenopausal transition to menopause, when the body’s hormone levels naturally begin to decline. Estrogen is thought to perform a variety of functions in the body, such as improving cardiovascular health and maintaining bone density. Estrogen is very important to the brain and is considered neuroprotective, helping shield brain cells from inflammation, stress and other forms of cellular damage. Alzheimer’s researchers are focused on the early period of perimenopause, which typically occurs in a woman’s early- to mid-40s, as a target for hormone replacement therapy to maintain estrogen levels and possibly protect some women against developing dementia decades later. “This interest comes primarily from decades of pre-clinical research, animal models, and basic science research showing that menopause is a tipping point for Alzheimer’s pathology,” said Lisa Mosconi, director of the Alzheimer’s Prevention Program at Weill Cornell Medicine. Mosconi is leading a new $50 million global women’s health research initiative called CARE, or Cutting women’s Alzheimer’s risk through endocrinology. Looking at biomarkers from nearly 100 million women, it’s expected to be the largest analysis of why women are at greater risk of Alzheimer’s disease. The link between estrogen and dementia has gained renewed focus after the Food and Drug Administration recently lifted the decades-old black-box warning on hormone replacement therapy, a move that may lead to many more women in their 40s and 50s being prescribed treatment. Doctors say loosened restrictions could reduce stigma around hormone therapy. The FDA’s move could also pave the way for broader research into whether hormone replacement therapy might offer additional benefits, including protection against dementia. Declining reproductive hormonesMenopause occurs when the ovaries gradually produce less estrogen and progesterone, hormones that help regulate the menstrual cycle. Estrogen and progesterone are sex hormones that are present in females and to a lesser extent in males that play an important role in sexual and reproductive development. Most women reach menopause between the ages of 45 and 55, said Dr. Monica Christmas, a gynecologist and director of the menopause program at UChicago Medicine. The transition can begin years earlier during perimenopause, which usually starts when women are in their mid-40s. That’s when symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, mood changes and sleep disturbances often appear. It’s thought that menopause symptoms are caused by decreased levels of estrogen and progesterone in the body. For example, when estrogen levels drop, the body’s internal thermostat, controlled by the hypothalamus in the brain, begins to not work properly. The brain might interpret the body as too hot and tell it to start sweating to cool off, leading to symptoms of hot flashes. Hormone therapy can replenish those levels and help the body regulate its temperature. What role does estrogen play?Receptors for this sex hormone are found throughout our brains, said Rachel Buckley, an associate professor of neurology at Massachusetts General Hospital whose research focuses on sex differences in Alzheimer’s disease. “Estrogen is actually a really powerful hormone,” she said. “It’s found in the hippocampus which is an area [in the brain] that we know is very closely associated with memory and learning.” Estrogen also helps to build and maintain healthy blood flow in the brain, she added, and can even help the brain use energy more efficiently. During menopause, however, the levels of estrogen begin to decline, potentially leaving the brain more vulnerable to damage. “Once the brain loses the protective effects of estrogen and other sex hormones, it’s a turning point for Alzheimer’s pathology accumulation in the brain,” said Mosconi. Can hormone replacement therapy fight dementia?Hormone replacement therapy is available in many forms, including a wearable patch, cream and pills, and can include either estrogen, progesterone, or both. If estrogen helps protect our brain, it would make sense that replacing levels through hormone therapy might confer some sort of benefit. It turns out, however, the answer is much more complicated than that, experts say, as the research behind hormone replacement therapy is mixed and ongoing.However, data suggests that the perimenopause transition might represent a critical window of opportunity where treatment could help some patients ward off dementia, said Dr. Kellyann Niotis, a preventive neurologist in Florida and faculty member at Weill Cornell Medicine. “One leading belief is that during this perimenopausal window hormones are fluctuating rapidly and you can have steep declines in [estrogen] which can be harmful for the brain,” said Niotis.“The idea is that using hormones at a steady state or consistent level kind of helps even out those fluctuations.” A large analysis from Mosconi and her team in 2023 published in Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience found that there may be a sweet spot for initiation of HRT for helping women fight cognitive decline.Her team analyzed over 50 studies and found that people using estrogen therapy in midlife, or within 10 years of their final menstrual period, had a significantly lower risk of dementia. Conversely, when combination hormone therapy was initiated after 65, there was an increased risk of dementia. Another large-scale analysis of 50 studies presented this fall at the American Neurological Association annual meeting found that the risk of Alzheimer’s was up to 32% lower among women who started HRT within five years of menopause than in those who received a placebo or no treatment. The paper is not yet peer-reviewed or published in a journal. The research, which was done by scientists based in India, also found that among women who waited until they were 65 or older to start therapy, there was a 38% increase in Alzheimer’s risk. However, many of the studies performed to date have been observational, said Christmas, and do not directly prove a cause and effect relationship. More rigorous research including large scale trials are needed, she added. Hormone therapy that is prescribed may also not behave exactly like estrogen that is produced naturally by the body, she added, and also requires further study.Why timing of hormone therapy mattersThe theory of a critical window to initiate hormone replacement therapy may be related to estrogen receptors in the brain, said Mosconi. During the transition to menopause, there becomes a progressively higher density of estrogen receptors on brain cells, her research has found. This is because, as estrogen levels naturally decline, the brain increases the amount of available receptors as a compensatory mechanism to try and grab every little bit of estrogen that’s still available to be used up, she said. But at some point, when estrogen is permanently low, the brain ultimately stops trying and gives up, and the estrogen receptors disappear, she added. “That is the end of the window of opportunity because once the estrogen receptors are gone, there’s no point putting estrogen back in the system because it has nothing to bind to,” said Mosconi.Some outstanding questions remain, including how long women would need to stay on hormone replacement therapy or whether estrogen would be more protective for women with a genetic predisposition to Alzheimer’s. It’s also unclear if the brain responds differently to estrogen the body makes compared to hormone replacement. Men, on the other hand, have biologically different brains than women, said Buckley, as they have significantly less estrogen receptors and thus have a lower requirement of the hormone. It’s also unclear if testosterone replacement therapy for men confer any potential benefit for Alzheimer’s prevention, said Niotis. While some studies have suggested an association between men with lower testosterone and dementia, much more research is needed before any definitive conclusions can be made. Experts say it’s still too early to recommend hormone replacement therapy to prevent Alzheimer’s disease.“We do not use hormone therapy for Alzheimer’s prevention right now,” said Mosconi. “Clinical guidelines currently do not endorse using hormone therapy only for Alzheimer’s prevention.” Instead, HRT should be prescribed primarily to treat moderate to severe menopausal symptoms that can affect quality of life, such as hot flashes, night sweats, sleep disturbances or mood changes. Niotis said relieving these symptoms may help improve cognition, as people who sleep better have improved mood and tend to think more clearly. Still, she is optimistic that future research may bring more definitive answers. “The hope is that with the removal of this black-box warning that we’ll have more women that are starting therapies and are less afraid of using them, and more doctors that are less afraid of prescribing them,” said Niotis. Akshay Syal, M.D.Dr. Akshay Syal is a board-certified internal medicine physician at UCLA Health and instructor of medicine at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA. He also is a member of the NBC News Health Unit, reporting for both NBC News Digital and on air for NBC News NOW and MSNBC.  
November 21, 2025
How Mamdani went from 'Trump's worst nightmare' to a ‘potential dream partnership’
November 21, 2025
Nov. 21, 2025, 5:40 AM ESTBy Ben KamisarThe national redistricting battle triggered by President Donald Trump has cast a long shadow over the race for control of Congress next year — not only fundamentally shifting the House battlefield, but also creating a domino effect that’s shifting new candidates into new seats, ushering longtime members of Congress to the exit and exposing deep political rifts in state parties across the country.The fight is still playing out across courtrooms, back rooms and Trump’s social media, as Republicans and Democrats tinker with district lines. Developments like this week’s federal court ruling blocking the new Texas maps from going into effect — leaving the ultimate decision to the Supreme Court — also show how much remains to be determined in the redistricting fight.The battle kicked off when Trump started pushing Texas Republicans to redraw district lines in the hopes of netting the party up to five seats in the state, and later began pressing leaders in other GOP-controlled states.The new lines add more Republicans to the South Texas battleground districts represented by Democratic Reps. Henry Cuellar and Vicente Gonzalez, redraw two districts in Houston and Dallas in a way that will likely force incumbent Democrats into primaries against each other, and redraw Austin to create one deep-blue seat and one additional Republican-leaning seat that stretches toward San Antonio.But the fate of those plans hangs in the balance after a federal court blocked the map’s implementation and called for the 2026 elections to be run under the same lines as last year’s elections. The Supreme Court’s eventual decision whether to uphold that ruling will have a significant impact on a spate of races, starting with whether Austin-area Democratic Rep. Lloyd Doggett decides to retire.There’s also the question of whether the winner of January’s special election to succeed the late Democratic Rep. Sylvester Turner will have to immediately run against a longtime Democratic incumbent, and how Democratic Reps. Marc Veasey, Julie Johnson and Jasmine Crockett handle a potentially significant redraw in North Texas that could leave one of them out of a job. The redistricting plan already has Crockett weighing a Senate bid.California’s retaliatory map from Democrats — a similarly blunt partisan redraw explicitly aimed at canceling out Texas’ GOP gains — has similar potential to upend the Republican caucus there. GOP Reps. Doug LaMalfa, Darrell Issa, Kevin Kiley, Ken Calvert and David Valadao’s districts are becoming significantly more vulnerable to being flipped by Democrats, according to an analysis from the University of Virginia Center for Politics.One early bit of fallout: Calvert’s decision to seek re-election in a nearby district currently represented by fellow Republican Rep. Young Kim, which will likely trigger an expensive primary between two prominent incumbents. In an early show of force, Kim has already announced plans to spend more than $3 million on ads ahead of the 2026 primary.Both states also share another dynamic: state lawmakers who voted to draw the new congressional lines hopping into newly competitive races for Congress.In Texas, GOP state Reps. Briscoe Cain and John Lujan announced their campaigns shortly after the new lines passed, seeking to run in the new, heavily Republican seats in the Houston and San Antonio areas. Others could be considering bids, too, including state Rep. Katrina Pierson, who told CBS News Texas last month she’s “considering” a bid for a redrawn district in North Texas.There’s been less movement in California, since the lines are just weeks old. But one notable example is Democratic state Sen. Mike McGuire, a party leader facing term limits in the body, who announced plans to take on LaMalfa.Smaller changes to the maps in other states have had big ripple effects, too.In Missouri, where opponents of the GOP-led redraw are mobilizing a petition drive that could force the issue into the hands of voters in an upcoming special election, longtime Democratic Rep. Emanuel Cleaver’s 30-plus-year career in public life is in jeopardy after GOP lawmakers packed his district with Republican voters.In Utah, a court decision to enact a new map over the protests of Republicans created a new blue seat in the Salt Lake City area — one that could spark a primary focused on ideology as well as electability, an unusual position for Utah’s Democratic minority.In Ohio, a compromise map shored up Democratic Rep. Emilia Sykes’ battleground seat — in exchange for putting more Republican voters in districts held by Democratic Reps. Marcy Kaptur and Greg Landsman. Sykes’ last GOP opponent, whom she narrowly defeated in 2024, was running again but dropped out of the 2026 campaign after the new map was released, blaming the compromise for his decision.And in North Carolina, the Republican Legislature’s new lines make Democratic Rep. Don Davis’ re-election more of an uphill climb, even as he continues to signal he’ll press on with his bid to remain in office.Meanwhile, as incumbents and challengers face pressure and opportunity from the new maps, the pressure on state legislatures to get involved in the redistricting fight on behalf of their national party has also caused significant tensions among powerful lawmakers on both sides of the aisle.In Indiana, the lack of Republican support for a redistricting effort there has led to Trump issuing broadsides at GOP leaders in the state, accusing them of “depriving Republicans of a Majority in the House, A VERY BIG DEAL,” and saying he’d support primary challenges against them. One Republican legislative leader was the victim of a swatting incident at his home hours later.In Maryland, Democratic Gov. Wes Moore is pushing forward with a redistricting commission — even as the state’s top Democrat in the Senate continues to criticize the idea of redrawing the state’s congressional maps after a court struck down a Democratic plan to squeeze more blue seats out of the state just a few years ago.“What type of country do we want to be? And who are we in this moment when things are so brittle and tense. Do we reflect a different value to show the path forward as states, or do we fight to the death one election at a time?” state Senate President Bill Ferguson told NBC News about why he’s holding firm against pressure to move forward with a Democratic-led redraw there.And even in states where redistricting efforts were successful, some lawmakers raised warnings about the conduct of their own parties.“There’s nothing conservative about using our supermajority to grab more power,” Missouri Republican state Rep. Bryant Wolfin, who voted against the redraw there, said on the floor this summer before his party passed the new lines.Ben KamisarBen Kamisar is a national political reporter for NBC News
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