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Savewith a NBCUniversal ProfileCreate your free profile or log in to save this articleOct. 1, 2025, 11:00 AM EDTBy Liz SzaboPeople who learn they have autism after age 6 — the current median age at diagnosis — are often described as having a “milder” form of autism than people diagnosed as toddlers.A new study challenges that assumption.A genetic analysis finds that people with autism spectrum disorder diagnosed in late childhood or adolescence actually have “a different form of autism,” not a less severe one, said Varun Warrier, senior author of a study published Wednesday in Nature.The “genetic profile” of people with late-diagnosis autism actually looks more like depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder than early childhood autism, said Warrier, an autism researcher at the University of Cambridge. The study illustrates that autism is not a single condition with one root cause, but rather an umbrella term for a cluster of conditions with similar — although not identical — features, said Geraldine Dawson, founding director of the Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development, who wasn’t involved in the new report. Alycia Halladay, chief science officer at the Autism Science Foundation, who wasn’t involved in the study, said: “This paper reinforces yet again how complex autism is and how much genetics plays a role not just in a diagnosis but in the features of that diagnosis. There is no one cause of autism, despite claims against Tylenol.”Authors of the new study analyzed long-term social, emotional and behavioral information about children in the United Kingdom and Australia, as well as genetic data about more than 45,000 autistic people in Europe and the United States.Different genetic profilesResearchers didn’t focus on a single gene or even a few genes. Instead, they looked at sets of thousands of genetic variants that together influence particular traits. While one genetic profile may lead to difficulties with social interactions during the toddler or preschool years, another set of genes may cause an increase in such problems during late childhood and beyond, Warrier said.The new study suggests that some autistic children “develop differently and may not receive a diagnosis earlier on because their features may not yet have clearly emerged,” Warrier said. “It is important to understand what these features are and ensure that we are assessing autistic people across the lifespan.”Most autism diagnoses are made before age 18, with 22% of diagnoses occurring by age 4, 20% from 5 to 8, 15% from 9 to 12 and 16% from 13 to 17.Adult diagnoses are more common in women. Twenty-five percent of women with autism were diagnosed at age 19 or older last year, compared with 12% of men, according to Epic Research.In the study, adolescents diagnosed with autism had more difficulties managing emotional issues and relationships with peers than other kids. That was the struggle for Adeline Lacroix of Toronto. Lacroix, now 42, who was raised in France, had trouble making friends as a child. She “wondered why in school we learned things that were to me quite easy, such as mathematics, but we didn’t learn how to make friends, which for me was much more difficult,” she said.Lacroix often didn’t understand when other people were being ironic or making a joke. Although she got good grades, “I felt I was very dumb because I didn’t understand a lot of things.”Adeline Lacroix’s life changed when she was diagnosed with autism at age 30.Courtesy Adeline LacroixHer frustration led to depression and thoughts of death. “I didn’t really want to die, but at the same time I was so tired,” she said.Her life changed when she was diagnosed with autism at age 30. Suddenly, she realized why understanding conversations was so hard. She changed careers, abandoning her old job as a schoolteacher to pursue a doctorate in psychology and neuroscience. Lacroix now has a supportive partner and a job she loves at the Center for Addiction and Mental Health in Toronto, where she researches women and girls with autism. “I’m very happy with my life,” she said.Although many young people with autism are still diagnosed relatively late in childhood because of a lack of screening and resources in their communities, increased awareness and wider access to testing have helped lower the age at which children are diagnosed with autism, allowing them to get critical early support. Increased acceptance of neurodiversity is also motivating a growing number of teens and adults to seek out testing for autism, which can involve difficulties in communication and social interactions, as well as restricted or repetitive behaviors or interests. From 2011 to 2022, autism diagnoses among adults 26 to 34 grew by 450%, the largest relative increase among any age group.In the Nature study, the first to link a genetic profile to the timing of autism diagnosis, newly diagnosed adolescents had an increased risk of depression.The increase in depression could stem from both a genetic predisposition and a lack of support faced by young people whose unique learning needs and social challenges go unaddressed for years, Warrier said.“Children who have undiagnosed autism may not receive the support they need,” he said. “They may be bullied, excluded and may be vulnerable socially. It is only when they are struggling that caregivers seek out professional help and they receive an autism diagnosis.”In future research, he said, Warrier hopes to study how a person’s social environment — whether supportive or hostile — affects the risk of depression in later-diagnosed people. Although school and community services often focus on youngsters, Warrier said it’s important to support people with autism of all ages.The emotional toll of trying to blend inSam Brandsen, who grew up in a small town in Iowa where few people were familiar with autism, didn’t get that critical support. In the sixth grade, he was bullied for being different. Kids made fun of him for rocking back and forth, a behavior that he found soothing. Boys shoved him into lockers and tied his shoelaces to his desk to make him fall.By force of will, he managed to sit still at his desk. But the mental and emotional effort he expended took a heavy toll, Brandsen said, causing him to suffer panic attacks between classes.“You know that you’re different, but you don’t really have a framework for understanding what that difference is,” said Sam Brandsen who was diagnosed with autism at 27.Sam BrandsonBrandsen, now 31, said he wasn’t diagnosed with autism until four years ago, after his 18-month-old son was diagnosed with it. Like Lacroix, Brandsen said he felt relieved to better understand himself. Instead of wasting energy to act like everyone else, he said, “I’d rather use that energy to just be a kinder person.”Brandsen said he can understand why people with autism who are diagnosed later in life may have a greater risk of mental distress.“You know that you’re different, but you don’t really have a framework for understanding what that difference is,” said Brandsen, a part-time postdoctoral researcher at the University of Alberta in Canada and a member of the Autism Society’s Council of Autistic Advisors. “You’re trying to make sense of rules that seem to make sense to everyone else, and you don’t know why it’s not clicking for you.”Although Brandsen said he understands why scientists want to study the causes of autism, he said he hopes they will spend more time researching ways to help people with autism lead full, independent lives. His son has a number of disabilities, Brandsen said, but the boy also experiences tremendous joy.“There’s so many ways that he’s changed my life profoundly for the better, even if it’s been kind of a harder path at times,” Brandsen said. “But then he can also take so much joy from just watching a train.”If you or someone you know is in crisis, call or text 988, or go to 988lifeline.org, to reach the Suicide & Crisis Lifeline. You can also call the network, previously known as the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline, at 800-273-8255, or visit SpeakingOfSuicide.com/resources.Liz SzaboLiz Szabo is an independent health and science journalist. Her work has won multiple national awards. One of her investigations led to a new state law in Virginia.
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Oct. 6, 2025, 5:00 AM EDT / Updated Oct. 6, 2025, 8:02 PM EDTBy Sahil Kapur, Julie Tsirkin and Frank Thorp VWASHINGTON — The U.S. government shutdown entered its sixth day Monday with no end in sight after the Senate yet again rejected competing bills proposed by Republicans and Democrats to reopen the government.The vote on the Democratic bill was 45-50, while the final tally on the GOP measure was 52-42, with neither reaching the 60-vote threshold to break a filibuster and advance for final passage.One hour before the vote, President Donald Trump left senators flummoxed after he claimed that there were negotiations taking place on health care. The central Democratic demand in the standoff is to extend expiring Obamacare funds.”We have a negotiation going on right now with the Democrats that could lead to very good things. And I’m talking about good things with regard to health care,” Trump told reporters.Asked specifically whether he’s speaking to Democratic leaders, Trump replied: “I don’t want to say that. But we are speaking with the Democrats. But some very good things could happen with respect to health care.”But Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., quickly shot down Trump’s claim that negotiations are happening.“Trump’s claim isn’t true — but if he’s finally ready to work with Democrats, we’ll be at the table,” Schumer said in a statement. “For months, Democrats have been calling on Donald Trump and Congressional Republicans to come to the table and work with us to deliver lower costs and better health care for the American people.”We’d like to hear from you about how you’re experiencing the government shutdown, whether you’re a federal employee who can’t work right now or someone who is feeling the effects of shuttered services in your everyday life. Please contact us at tips@nbcuni.com or reach out to us here.Republicans similarly said they’re unaware of any bipartisan negotiations taking place on health care.”I’m not aware of any,” Sen. Mike Crapo, R-Idaho, the chair of the Finance Committee, which oversees health care, told NBC News. “I think Sen. Thune made it very clear: We’ll talk about it if we get out of the government shutdown.”Sen. Mike Rounds, R-S.D., said that it’s “good” if Trump is open to extending Obamacare money, but no such talks were happening yet.”But that’s still not going to happen until we actually get this government open,” Rounds said.Senate Majority Leader John Thune, R-S.D., has not committed to extending the Obamacare money, saying it’s a discussion he’s open to having — but only if Democrats relent and reopen the government.“Release the hostage. We’ll have that conversation,” Thune said on Fox News. “That is a program, by the way, that is desperately in need of reform. You cannot just extend it, flat extend it. It is too flawed.”Sen. Elizabeth Warren, D-Mass., said the president’s comments show that “Donald Trump is feeling the heat.”“People across this country do not want to see their insurance premiums double or even triple,” she said.Sen. Angus King, I-Maine, said he was “delighted” to hear Trump’s comments, “and I hope that can lead to some fruitful discussion.” And Sen. Jeanne Shaheen, the lead author of the bill to extend Obamacare funding, said she hasn’t spoken to the president.Again, King was one of just three Democratic caucus members who voted for the GOP bill, along with Sens. John Fetterman, D-Pa., and Catherine Cortez Masto, D-Nev.Trump is declining to take a clear position on whether to extend Obamacare subsidies, the main Democratic demand and a central sticking point in the standoff. The subsidies are set to expire at the end of the year, which would result in major health insurance premium increases for people on the Affordable Care Act.“We want to fix it so it works,” Trump said Sunday when NBC News asked him whether he’s open to extending the funding. “It’s not working. Obamacare has been a disaster for the people, so we want to have it fixed so it works.”House members were supposed to return to Washington this week, but Speaker Mike Johnson, R-La., canceled votes for the entire week, saying the chamber had already done its job and passed a funding bill back on Sept. 19.Democratic House Leader Jeffries speaks out on shutdown, health care03:47Some members of both parties, however, say that’s an attempt by Johnson to avoid a vote to require the Justice Department to release the Jeffrey Epstein files. A bipartisan House duo is expected to have the signatures they need to force a vote on the Epstein issue when the House returns to Washington and Rep.-elect Adelita Grijalva, D-Ariz., is sworn in.Rep. Thomas Massie, R-Ky., said on X: “Why are we in recess? Because the day we go back into session, I have 218 votes for the discharge petition to force a vote on releasing the Epstein files. @SpeakerJohnson doesn’t want that to be the news.”Johnson denied that’s the reason.“This has nothing to do with that,” he said Sunday on NBC News’ “Meet the Press.” “It’s another red herring. The reason the government is closed is because Chuck Schumer and 43 of his Democratic colleagues in the Senate have decided now to vote multiple times to keep the government closed.”In the battle of public opinion, the White House and the GOP are taking more of the blame for the shutdown than Democrats. A new CBS News poll shows that trend continuing, with 39% saying they mostly blame Trump and Republicans, while 30% blame Democrats in Congress and 31% blame both equally.Asked Monday on NBC’s “TODAY” show to react to Trump’s comments on ACA funding over the weekend, Jeffries was unimpressed.“He also mentioned that in the White House meeting that we had last Monday,” Jeffries said. “Unfortunately, the White House and Republican leaders have gone radio silent ever since then.”Sahil KapurSahil Kapur is a senior national political reporter for NBC News.Julie TsirkinJulie Tsirkin is a correspondent covering Capitol Hill.Frank Thorp VFrank Thorp V is a producer and off-air reporter covering Congress for NBC News, managing coverage of the Senate.
September 28, 2025
By Dennis Romero and Bella LoBueThree people were killed and eight others were injured when someone on a boat opened fire on patrons of a waterfront eatery at a North Carolina marina on Saturday night, a city official said.The boat paused in front of American Fish Company at Southport Yacht Basin and a gunman opened fire, said ChyAnn Ketchum, spokesperson for the city of Southport.Details on the conditions of the injured were unavailable.The shooter fled toward the adjacent Intracoastal Waterway, Ketchum said. A person of interest was being questioned late Saturday, the spokesperson said.The earlier report of an active shooter at the marina prompted a law enforcement response. The city of Southport in a statement had urged people in the area to “remain in your homes” and report anyone suspicious to authorities via 911.The Brunswick County Sheriff’s Office said that it is one of multiple law enforcement agencies in the region that responded to the incident.”Please keep all those affected, as well as our first responders, in your thoughts and prayers,” the sheriff’s office said.The yacht basin exists in the southeastern corner of the state “where the Intracoastal Waterway, Cape Fear River and Atlantic Ocean converge,” according to state tourism organization Visit North Carolina.The basin is lined with restaurants, it says.This is a developing story. Please check back for updates.Dennis RomeroDennis Romero is a breaking news reporter for NBC News Digital.Bella LoBueBella LoBue is a Assignment Editor at NBC News Digital. Insiya Gandhi contributed.
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