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Pennsylvania Gov. Shapiro signs the CROWN Act

admin - Latest News - November 25, 2025
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Pennsylvania Governor Josh Shapiro signed the CROWN Act into law, making it the 28th state to officially prohibit discrimination based on a person’s hair type, texture or style.



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Nov. 25, 2025, 6:00 PM ESTBy Denise ChowListen to this article with a free account00:0000:00Few things in the universe are as perplexing as dark matter — the invisible and exotic “stuff” that is thought to make up most of the matter in galaxies. The theory goes like this: To reconcile our current understanding of physics with what we observe in the cosmos, there must be massive amounts of matter that we can’t see. Scientists are sure that this “missing matter” exists because of the gravitational effects it exerts, but detecting it firsthand has eluded scientists, who have had to indirectly infer how dark matter occupies the universe.Nearly a century after dark matter was first theorized, a Japanese astrophysicist says he may have found the first direct evidence of its existence — gamma rays extending out in a halo-like pattern — in a region near the center of our Milky Way galaxy.“I’m so excited, of course!” study author Tomonori Totani, a professor in the astronomy department at the University of Tokyo, told NBC News in an email. “Although the research began with the aim of detecting dark matter, I thought the chances of success were like winning the lottery.”Totani’s claim of detecting dark matter for the first time is an extraordinary one that not all experts are convinced of. But the findings, published Tuesday in the Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, offer insights into the wild hunt for dark matter and the difficulties of searching the cosmos for something that cannot be seen.Dark matter is thought to make up about 27% of the universe, while ordinary matter — people, everyday objects, stars and planets, for instance — only makes up about 5%, according to NASA. (The rest is made up of an equally mysterious component known as dark energy.)Totani’s study used observations from NASA’s Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope aimed near the heart of the Milky Way. The telescope is designed to pick up a type of intense electromagnetic radiation known as gamma rays. Dark matter was first proposed in the 1930s by Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky, who stumbled on an anomaly while measuring the mass and movement of galaxies in the large Coma Cluster of galaxies. The galaxies moved too quickly for his calculations, and instead of escaping the cluster, they were somehow being held together.The resulting theories proposed a truly strange form of matter. Dark matter cannot be seen because it does not emit, absorb or reflect light. However, because it theoretically has mass and occupies physical space in the cosmos, its existence can be inferred based on its gravitational effects throughout the universe.Different models exist to potentially explain dark matter, but scientists think the mysterious material is made up of exotic particles that behave differently from regular matter that we’re all familiar with.One popular school of thought suggests that dark matter is made up of hypothetical particles known as WIMPs (short for “weakly interacting massive particles”) that interact very little with ordinary matter. When two WIMPs collide, however, they could annihilate each other and unleash powerful gamma rays.In his research, Totani, an astronomer and astrophysicist, discovered intense gamma-ray emissions that he said were roughly equivalent to one-millionth the brightness of the entire Milky Way. The gamma rays also appeared to be spread out in a halo-like structure across a large region of the sky. If instead the emissions were concentrated from a single source, it might suggest a black hole, star or some other cosmic object was to blame for the gamma rays, rather than diffuse dark matter. Gamma-ray intensity map spanning approximately 100 degrees in the direction of the galactic center. The horizontal gray bar in the central region corresponds to the galactic plane area, which was excluded from the analysis to avoid strong astrophysical radiation.Tomonori Totani / The University of Tokyo“To my knowledge, no phenomenon originating from cosmic rays or stars exhibits a spherically symmetric and the unique energy spectrum like the one observed in this case,” Totani said.But some scientists who were not involved with the study were skeptical of the findings.David Kaplan, a professor in the department of physics and astronomy at Johns Hopkins University, said it’s difficult to trace emissions back to dark matter particles with any certainty because too much is still unknown about gamma rays.“We don’t even know all the things that can produce gamma rays in the universe,” Kaplan said, adding that these high-energy emissions could also be produced by fast-spinning neutron stars or black holes that gobble up regular matter and spit out violent jets of material.As such, even when unusual gamma-ray emissions are detected, it’s often hard to draw meaningful conclusions, according to Eric Charles, a staff scientist at Stanford University’s SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory.“There’s a lot of details we don’t understand,” he said, “and seeing a lot of gamma rays from a large part of the sky associated with the galaxy — it’s just really hard to interpret what’s going on there.”Dillon Brout, an assistant professor in the departments of astronomy and physics at Boston University, said the gamma-ray signals and halo-like structure described in the study are in a region of the sky “that is genuinely the hardest to model.”“So, any claims have to be treated with great caution,” Brout told NBC News in an email. “And, of course, extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence.”Kaplan called the study “interesting” and “worth following,” but said he isn’t totally convinced that follow-up analyses will confirm the findings. But he is hopeful that scientists will directly confirm dark matter’s existence in the future.“It would be a total game changer, because it really is something that seems to dominate the universe,” he said. “It explains the formation of galaxies and therefore of stars and planets and us, and it’s a key part of our understanding of how the universe formed.”Totani himself said additional study is needed to prove or disprove his claim.“If correct, the results would be too impactful, so researchers in the community will carefully examine its validity,” he said. “I am confident in my findings, but I hope that other independent researchers will replicate these results.”Denise ChowDenise Chow is a science and space reporter for NBC News.
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November 21, 2025
Nov. 21, 2025, 4:59 AM ESTBy Yuliya TalmazanUkraine said Friday it would work with a U.S. delegation in Kyiv to study the new plan backed by President Donald Trump to end Russia’s war. Rustem Umerov, the secretary of the National Security and Defense Council, urged allies to respect Kyiv’s position and stressed that it was still reviewing the proposal, whose sudden emergence has fueled unease across Europe. The Kremlin remained tightlipped about its stance on the plan, which calls for major concessions from Kyiv. “Yesterday, a conversation took place between the President of Ukraine and the U.S. delegation authorized by President Trump,” Umerov said in a post on X. “Today, this work continues in Kyiv at the technical level between the teams. We are carefully reviewing all proposals from our partners and expect the same respectful approach to Ukraine’s position.”Secretary of the National Security, Rustem Umerov, attends a briefing at the presidential office in Kyiv, Ukraine, on Nov. 7.Pavlo Bahmut / NurPhoto via Getty ImagesA senior U.S. official told NBC News that the plan was drawn up immediately following discussions with Umerov. He “agreed to the majority of the plan, after making several modifications, and presented it to President Zelenskyy,” the official said.Umerov denied this Friday. “During my visit to the United States, my role was technical — organizing meetings and preparing the dialogue. I provided no assessments or, even more so, approvals of any points. This is not within my authority and does not correspond to the procedure,” he said.Zelenskyy said late Thursday that he had “a very serious conversation” with the American delegation, led by U.S. Army Secretary Dan Driscoll. He said the U.S. side presented its proposals, and that he outlined Ukraine’s “key principles,” reiterating that his nation’s position was simple — “a real peace” that will hold.Local residents at the site of a heavily damaged residential building following a Russian air attack on Ternopil on Thursday.Vladyslav Musiienko / AFP via Getty ImagesWhite House press secretary Karoline Leavitt said Thursday that any deal must provide full security guarantees and deterrence for Ukraine, Europe and Russia. “This plan was crafted to reflect the realities of the situation, after five years of a devastating war, to find the best win-win scenario, where both parties gain more than they must give,” Leavitt said. The existence of the peace plan was first reported by Axios, which released its full version on Thursday. A source familiar with the matter confirmed to NBC News that the reported plan was accurate. It’s currently in draft mode but reflects where the parties stand at the moment, with feedback from both Russia and Ukraine, the source said.The plan as outlined effectively amounts to a capitulation by Ukraine. A Ukrainian serviceman inside a destroyed building site in the frontline town of Kostyantynivka, Donetsk region, on Nov. 12.Iryna Rybakova / 93rd Separate Mechanized Brigade via Getty ImagesIt calls for Ukraine to surrender its eastern Donbas heartland to Russia, including withdrawing from fiercely contested areas that it currently controls. It also stipulates that Ukraine would have to cap the size of its military and agree to never join NATO. The annexed Crimean peninsula will also be recognized as de facto Russian, including by the United States.These are all key demands of Russia’s Vladimir Putin, with little obvious concessions to be made by the Kremlin’s part of the plan. Nonetheless, Moscow has been publicly cautious.Kremlin press secretary Dmitry Peskov said Friday it had not received any information about Zelenskyy’s agreement to negotiate the peace plan, Russian state news agency Tass reported. Yuliya TalmazanYuliya Talmazan is a reporter for NBC News Digital, based in London.Monica Alba and Peter Alexander contributed.
September 23, 2025
Sept. 23, 2025, 6:31 AM EDT / Updated Sept. 23, 2025, 7:07 AM EDTBy Freddie ClaytonMysterious drones that forced the closure of a major European airport were part of a “serious attack,” officials said Tuesday, hours after the latest unsettling incident over the continent’s skies.As U.S. allies weigh a tougher response to suspected Russian incursions, NATO leaders gathered at the United Nations General Assembly in New York condemned the Kremlin for a spate of “escalatory” incidents in recent weeks and vowed to defend itself.Authorities did not immediately assign blame for the two to three large drones that shut Copenhagen Airport — Scandinavia’s largest — Monday night. But police said a hybrid attack could not be ruled out, and Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen called it “the most serious attack on Danish critical infrastructure to date.”Norway’s Oslo airport also reopened Tuesday morning following four hours of airspace closure after a separate drone incident took place the same evening, police told Norwegian broadcaster NRK.Trump: Putin has ‘really let me down’ on Ukraine peace talks01:05“I cannot rule out that it is Russia,” Frederiksen, the Danish leader, told reporters. “We have seen drones over Poland that should not have been there. We have seen activity in Romania. We have seen violations of Estonian airspace,” she added, referring to a series of incidents in eastern Europe during September that have been blamed on Russia. “Russia should be in no doubt,” NATO said in a statement just hours after the latest incidents. “Allies will use all necessary military and non-military tools to defend ourselves and deter all threats from all directions.”A Russian MiG-31 fighter jet that took part in the violation of Estonian airspace.Swedish Armed Forces / via ReutersThe Kremlin dismissed what it said were “unfounded accusations” leveled each time there is an incident. It’s got to the point where such statements were “no longer taken into account,” Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov told reporters.The drones that shut Copenhagen airport appeared to be flown by a “capable operator,” Danish police Chief Superintendent Jens Jespersen told reporters on Tuesday.“It’s an actor who has the capabilities, the will and the tools to show off in this way,” he said, adding that no suspects had been identified and that it was too soon to tell if the events in Denmark and Norway were linked.Officials chose not to shoot down the drones because the risk was too great because of the airport being full of passengers, the planes on the runways and nearby fuel depots, Jes Jespersen, senior police inspector of the Copenhagen Police, said during a news conference.Passengers queue for new tickets at Copenhagen Airport on Tuesday morning.Sergei Gapon / AFP via Getty ImagesWestern leaders have increasingly vowed a more aggressive defense against what they say is a carefully escalating Kremlin campaign to probe NATO’s defenses and test its resolve. NATO is set to meet Tuesday discuss Russia’s violation of Estonian airspace, after Estonia requested consultations consultations under Article 4 last week — a mechanism that prompts urgent talks among alliesPoland “is ready to react toughly against all airspace violations,” its prime minister Donald Tusk said Tuesday on X. “In such a situation I’m counting on univocal and full support from our allies.”Britain also promised Monday to “confront planes operating in space without permission,” as Foreign Secretary Yvette Cooper warned that Russia’s incursions risked triggering an armed conflict.The European Union is also weighing how to create a “drone wall” along its eastern border, Lithuanian foreign minister Kestutis Budrys told Reuters news agency on Monday.Washington’s new envoy to the United Nations, Michael Waltz, vowed Monday to “defend every inch of NATO territory” as he addressed an emergency U.N. Security Council meeting over the incursion into Estonia.NATO has already launched Operation “Eastern Sentry” earlier this month to bolster defenses along Europe’s eastern flank.A French Air Force pilot prepares for takeoff, prior to a joint mission with Polish F16s, as part of Operation “Eastern Sentry.”Thibaud Moritz / AFP via Getty ImagesMeanwhile, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy landed in New York Monday for what he said would be an “intense week” of diplomacy, as he tries to drum up support for new efforts to punish the Kremlin and turn rhetoric into action.“We are doing everything to stop the war,” he wrote on X Tuesday, adding that he had two dozen meetings scheduled.Freddie ClaytonFreddie Clayton is a freelance journalist based in London. 
October 30, 2025
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